Hydroxyl group Essay Example for Free

Hydroxyl group Essay Vanillin is the primary component of the extract of the vanilla beans that is used as a popular flavoring agent in food stuffs. Recently, it was found that some of food processing and food manufacturing companies are making food items using harmful ingredients in order to save their production cost. Since vanillin is used widely in food items as a flavoring agent, I wanted to know more about vanillin through this experiment. The Vanillin constitutes a colorless, prismatic needles which are readily soluble in the common organic solvents. It is also readily soluble in boiling water, but it is sparingly soluble in cold water (E. Gildemeister, 1913). Acetylvanillin will be formed via esterification of vanillin in a basic solution. Procedure1 In this experiment, vanillin will react with the acetylating agent acetic anhydride to form the acetate ester of the phenolic hydroxyl group. Dissolve the vanillin (3. 04 g, 0. 020 mole) in 1 M aqueous potassium hydroxide (22ml, 0. 022 mole) in a 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask. Add it to acetic anhydride (2. 1 ml, 2. 27 g, 0. 022 mole) in ether (45 ml). Stir the mixture until it loses its yellow color and the lower, aqueous layer becomes almost colorless. Pour the mixture into a separatory funnel and draw off the aqueous layer. Decant the ethereal solution into an Erlenmeyer flask and dry the solution with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Remove the drying agent by gravity filtration into another Erlenmeyer flask. Using the steam bath, strip off the all the ether and allow the residue of acetylavanillin to cool to crystallize. As the final procedure, Recrystlaize the crude product from 40 ml of 50% ethanol in water.

The Importance of the Role of the Teacher Essay -- Education Teaching

The Importance of the Role of the Teacher The future of the world is in the hands of the children. Whether the future be a positive or negative one depends on the children and the education they receive. The education of a child is so valuable that one needs to consider the importance of the child's education. Also, one needs to consider how to go about nurturing those bright minds so one day they can become independent individuals. As Educators, one needs to be aware of the short-term effects as well as the long-term effects in which education may play on the child's views of the world. In order to be able to provide a good education to a child, it is necessary for there to be a place in which both the educator and student can meet in equal terms. In order for this to occur there has to be a bond between the teacher and student. Without this bond it is impossible for both parties to set goals, work out those goals together and finally accomplish them. A sense of understanding between both the teacher and student is imperative. A point where both parties meet and are aware of the responsibilities each one has to each other. Both the teacher and student need to be aware of each other's roles and how important those roles play in the achievement of the educator and student. For example, the teacher serves as the provider of information, as well as the one that holds the power in a class. "They hold the grades, and usually students perceive them as holding the knowledge, too" (Zawodniak 124). The way teachers use this power defines the perspective of their pedagogy, the teacher's perspective of the art of teaching. The approach the teacher takes and how much knowledge she would like to deliver to the class depends on th... ... free to speak their mind without being intimidated of the teacher. Once students feel free to speak their mind, they will grow mentally, physically and emotionally, eventually becoming an individual who has learned from the teacher to respect and value knowledge. By working together teachers and students will "achieve a pedagogy that is truly student-centered" (Zawodniak 131), a relationship that is open, honest, and has one goal in mind: that education is the future, and our students hold that future. The power of the future is knowledge, respect it and value it. Works Cited: Cheney,Lynne V. "PC: Alive and Entrenched." The Presence of Others. T Second ed. New York: St. Martin,1997. Zawodniak, christian. "I'll Have to Help Some of You More Than I Wan t>To":Teacher Power, student Pedagogy." The presence of Others. Second ded. New York: St. Martin, 1997.

The Royal Wedding

â€Å"It's a great moment for Britain, a moment when everyone is celebrating and it's being watched round the world where people will see lots of things they love about Britain† David Cameron said. Catherine Middleton went into Westminster Abbey at 11am and came out an hour later, holding the hand of the second in line to the throne as her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge. At the moment of their wedding, the Queen gave a title to Prince William as Prince William of Wales. The couple couldn’t stop smiling at each other. Later, appearing on the balcony at Buckingham Palace to give each other the required kiss to please the watching crowd and the 2 billion watchers at home (Photo in top). There was another surprise as the William and Catherine appeared later in his dad Charles 40 year old Aston Martin. It was a grey but bright day in central London. No sign during the morning of the showers that had threatened to break the month's good weather there was an estimate that up to a million people had congregated, half of them in the Mall. In the only slight sign of trouble, a small group of protesters had gathered in Soho Square but were caught up without getting near. Overnight several protesters had camped outside the Abbey and along the edge of St James Park. From early morning thousands came in with parents carrying picnic bags and backpacks and children with flags and painted faces and even party costumes. Families had all come together and many elders and young people had arrived they were many tourists.

Escaping Salem Book Questions Answers - 1463 Words

Who are the key people involved in the â€Å"the other witch hunt?† what roles do each play in the incident? Specific examples/evidence from book the whole 1) Katherine Branch a) Servant of Daniel and Abigail Wescot b) Has fits may or may not be real c) accuses Disborough and Clawson i) claims Disborough was her guide to compo there and back ii) accused Clawson of pinching her and later red spots appeared on Kate which later turned into black and blue bruises d) begins trial and other colonist’s confession to start coming forward because of her 2) Mercy Disborough a) Accused witch by Katherine Branch b) Many neighbors accuse her of witchcraft i) Goody Godfrey and Goodman Benit’s daughter went to visit Mercy Disborough and told her about†¦show more content†¦Kate then popped wide awake and ran outside. Kate then had another fit and they brought her back inside while she was â€Å"senseless†. Again they take out the knife and again she suddenly wakes up saying â€Å"you’re going to cut me!† According to Godbeer, what is the local legal process of dealing with Katherine Branch’s â€Å"bewitching†? 1) Many people of Stamford watched Kate closely and carried out experiments to ascertain whether her fits were natural, supernatural, or counterfeit. Once everyone was convinced that it was witchcraft, her tormentors had to be identified, evidence had to be gathered, and witnesses willing to speak out. a) This was risky because most previous trials had not resulted in conviction. If witches were tried, acquitted, and released, they might wreak terrible revenge upon those who had testified against them. According to Godbeer, what is the colonial legal process of dealing with Katherine Branch’s â€Å"bewitching†? 1) Everyone went to trial, suspects, witnesses, judges, magistrates, jurymen, defendants a) Tried to put together all evidence into either a conviction or not What does the ending or the conclusion of the trials indicate about the process of â€Å"bringing witches to justice† in Puritan New England? 1) Few witches were actually convicted and sentenced to death a) Of the sixty-one known prosecutions for witchcraft inShow MoreRelated Art, Literature And Society From 1955-1970 Essay examples5829 Words   |  24 Pagesbecause of the strange syntax of the line quot;woke up flat on my back in the grassy sun.quot; Unless it is one horrible typo, it is obviously an indication that Kerouac has graduated from a terrestrial plane to a celestial one. He succeeded in escaping the earthly cycles of rebirth, that are found in the Buddhist religion. These cycles are a motif through out quot;Poem.quot; He compares life, in the first stanza, to quot;the iridescent paraphernalia of radiating candlesquot; and quot;mentationRead MoreCorrectional Administration Reviewer18383 Words   |  74 PagesFirst separate institution for women were established in Indiana and Massachusetts. DIVISIONS OF CRIMINOLGY: 1. Sociology of Law is an attempt at scientific analysis of the conditions under w/c criminal laws develop and w/c is seldom included in the book of criminology. 2. Criminal Etiology is an attempt of scientific analysis of the causes of crimes. 3. Penology is concerned with the control of crime. THE CONCEPT OF PENALTY Penalty in its general sense signifies pain; in the judicial sphere, it